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<h1><img src="../../../../boost.png" alt="boost.png (6897 bytes)" align=
"middle" width="277" height="86">Boost.MultiIndex Random access indices reference</h1>

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Sequenced indices
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Boost.MultiIndex reference
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<h2>Contents</h2>

<ul>
  <li><a href="#rnd_index_fwd_synopsis">Header
    <code>"boost/multi_index/random_access_index_fwd.hpp"</code> synopsis</a></li>
  <li><a href="#synopsis">Header
    <code>"boost/multi_index/random_access_index.hpp"</code> synopsis</a>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="#random_access"><code>random_access</code> index specifier</a></li>
      <li><a href="#rnd_indices">Random access indices</a>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#complexity_signature">Complexity signature</a></li>
          <li><a href="#instantiation_types">Instantiation types</a></li>
          <li><a href="#constructors">Constructors, copy and assignment</a></li>
          <li><a href="#iterators">Iterators</a></li>
          <li><a href="#capacity">Capacity operations</a></li>
          <li><a href="#modifiers">Modifiers</a></li>
          <li><a href="#list_operations">List operations</a></li>
          <li><a href="#rearrange_operations">Rearrange operations</a></li>
          <li><a href="#serialization">Serialization</a></li>
        </ul>
      </li>
    </ul>
  </li>
</ul>

<h2>
<a name="rnd_index_fwd_synopsis">Header
<a href="../../../../boost/multi_index/random_access_index_fwd.hpp">
<code>"boost/multi_index/random_access_index_fwd.hpp"</code></a> synopsis</a></h2>

<blockquote><pre>
<span class=keyword>namespace</span> <span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>{</span>

<span class=keyword>namespace</span> <span class=identifier>multi_index</span><span class=special>{</span>

<span class=comment>// random_access index specifier</span>

<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>typename</span> <span class=identifier>TagList</span><span class=special>=</span><span class=identifier>tag</span><span class=special>&lt;&gt;</span> <span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=keyword>struct</span> <span class=identifier>random_access</span><span class=special>;</span>

<span class=comment>// indices</span>

<span class=keyword>namespace</span> <span class=identifier>detail</span><span class=special>{</span>

<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>implementation defined</b><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=keyword>class</span> <b>index class name implementation defined</b><span class=special>;</span>

<span class=special>}</span> <span class=comment>// namespace boost::multi_index::detail</span>

<span class=special>}</span> <span class=comment>// namespace boost::multi_index</span> 

<span class=special>}</span> <span class=comment>// namespace boost</span>
</pre></blockquote>

<p>
<code>random_access_index_fwd.hpp</code> provides forward declarations for the 
<a href="#random_access"><code>random_access</code></a> index specifier and
its associated <a href="#rnd_indices">random access index</a> class.
</p>

<h2>
<a name="synopsis">Header
<a href="../../../../boost/multi_index/random_access_index.hpp">
<code>"boost/multi_index/random_access_index.hpp"</code></a> synopsis</a></h2>

<blockquote><pre>
<span class=preprocessor>#include</span> <span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>initializer_list</span><span class=special>&gt;</span>

<span class=keyword>namespace</span> <span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>{</span>

<span class=keyword>namespace</span> <span class=identifier>multi_index</span><span class=special>{</span>

<span class=comment>// random_access index specifier</span>

<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>typename</span> <span class=identifier>TagList</span><span class=special>=</span><span class=identifier>tag</span><span class=special>&lt;&gt;</span> <span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=keyword>struct</span> <span class=identifier>random_access</span><span class=special>;</span>

<span class=comment>// indices</span>

<span class=keyword>namespace</span> <span class=identifier>detail</span><span class=special>{</span>

<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>implementation defined</b><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=keyword>class</span> <b>index class name implementation defined</b><span class=special>;</span>

<span class=comment>// index comparison:</span>

<span class=comment>// <b>OP</b> is any of ==,&lt;,!=,&gt;,&gt;=,&lt;=</span>

<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 1</b><span class=special>,</span><b>arg set 2</b><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=keyword>bool</span> <span class=keyword>operator</span> <b><i>OP</i></b><span class=special>(</span>
  <span class=keyword>const</span> <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 1</b><span class=special>&gt;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 2</b><span class=special>&gt;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>);</span>

<span class=comment>// index specialized algorithms:</span>

<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>implementation defined</b><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>swap</span><span class=special>(</span><b>index class name</b><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>,</span><b>index class name</b><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>);</span>

<span class=special>}</span> <span class=comment>// namespace boost::multi_index::detail</span>

<span class=special>}</span> <span class=comment>// namespace boost::multi_index</span> 

<span class=special>}</span> <span class=comment>// namespace boost</span>
</pre></blockquote>

<h3><a name="random_access">
<code>random_access</code> index specifier
</a></h3>

<p>
This index specifier allows for insertion of a <a href="#rnd_indices">random
access index</a>.</p>

<blockquote><pre>
<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>typename</span> <span class=identifier>TagList</span><span class=special>=</span><span class=identifier>tag</span><span class=special>&lt;&gt;</span> <span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=keyword>struct</span> <span class=identifier>random_access</span><span class=special>;</span>
</pre></blockquote>

<p>If provided, <code>TagList</code> must be an instantiation of
<a href="indices.html#tag"><code>tag</code></a>.
</p>

<h3><a name="rnd_indices">Random access indices</a></h3>

<p>
Random access indices are free-order sequences with constant time
positional access and random access iterators. Elements in a 
random access index are by default sorted according to their order of
insertion: this means that new elements inserted through a different index
of the <code>multi_index_container</code> are appended to the end of the
random access index; additionally, facilities are provided
for further rearrangement of the elements. The public interface of
random access indices includes that of 
<a href="seq_indices.html">sequenced indices</a>, with differences in
the complexity of the operations, plus extra operations for
positional access (<code>operator[]</code> and <code>at()</code>) and
for capacity handling. Validity of iterators and references to elements
is preserved in all operations, regardless of the capacity status.
</p>

<p>
Except where noted or if the corresponding interface does not exist, random access
indices verify the same container requirements as <code>std::vector</code>
plus the requirements for <code>std::list</code> specific list operations at
<b>[list.ops]</b>. Some of the most important differences with respect to
<code>std::vector</code> are:
<ul>
  <li>Random access indices do not provide memory contiguity, and hence do not
    have <code>data</code> member functions. 
  </li>

  <li>The complexity of some operations, notably insertion and deletion, differ
    from those of <code>std::vector</code>.
  </li>
  <li>Unlike as in <code>std::vector</code>, insertions into a random access index
    may fail due to clashings with other indices. This alters the semantics
    of the operations provided with respect to their analogues in
    <code>std::vector</code>.
  </li>
  <li>Elements in a randon access index are not mutable, and can only be changed
    by means of <a href="#replace"><code>replace</code></a> and
	<a href="#modify"><code>modify</code></a> member functions.
  </li>
  <li><code>push_front</code> and <code>pop_front</code> are provided for
    compatibility with sequenced indices, even though they take linear time to execute.
  </li></ul>
</p>

<blockquote><pre>
<span class=keyword>namespace</span> <span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>{</span>

<span class=keyword>namespace</span> <span class=identifier>multi_index</span><span class=special>{</span>

<span class=keyword>namespace</span> <span class=identifier>detail</span><span class=special>{</span>

<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>implementation defined: dependent on types Value, Allocator, TagList</b><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=keyword>class</span> <b>name is implementation defined</b>
<span class=special>{</span> 
<span class=keyword>public</span><span class=special>:</span>
  <span class=comment>// types:</span>

  <span class=keyword>typedef</span> <span class=identifier>Value</span>                                      <span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=keyword>typedef</span> <span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>tuples</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>null_type</span>                   <span class=identifier>ctor_args</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=keyword>typedef</span> <span class=identifier>TagList</span>                                    <span class=identifier>tag_list</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=keyword>typedef</span> <span class=identifier>Allocator</span>                                  <span class=identifier>allocator_type</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=keyword>typedef</span> <span class=keyword>typename</span> <span class=identifier>allocator_type</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>reference</span>         <span class=identifier>reference</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=keyword>typedef</span> <span class=keyword>typename</span> <span class=identifier>allocator_type</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>const_reference</span>   <span class=identifier>const_reference</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=keyword>typedef</span> <b>implementation defined</b>                     <span class=identifier>iterator</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=keyword>typedef</span> <b>implementation defined</b>                     <span class=identifier>const_iterator</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=keyword>typedef</span> <b>implementation defined</b>                     <span class=identifier>size_type</span><span class=special>;</span>      
  <span class=keyword>typedef</span> <b>implementation defined</b>                     <span class=identifier>difference_type</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=keyword>typedef</span> <span class=keyword>typename</span> <span class=identifier>allocator_type</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>pointer</span>           <span class=identifier>pointer</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=keyword>typedef</span> <span class=keyword>typename</span> <span class=identifier>allocator_type</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>const_pointer</span>     <span class=identifier>const_pointer</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=keyword>typedef</span> <b>equivalent to
    std::reverse_iterator&lt;iterator&gt;</b>                  <span class=identifier>reverse_iterator</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=keyword>typedef</span> <b>equivalent to
    std::reverse_iterator&lt;const_iterator&gt;</b>            <span class=identifier>const_reverse_iterator</span><span class=special>;</span>

  <span class=comment>// construct/copy/destroy:</span>

  <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>=(</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>=(</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>initializer_list</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=identifier>list</span><span class=special>);</span>

  <span class=keyword>template</span> <span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>class</span> <span class=identifier>InputIterator</span><span class=special>&gt;</span>
  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>assign</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>InputIterator</span> <span class=identifier>first</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>InputIterator</span> <span class=identifier>last</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>assign</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>initializer_list</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=identifier>list</span><span class=special>)</span>
  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>assign</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>size_type</span> <span class=identifier>n</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>value</span><span class=special>);</span>
    
  <span class=identifier>allocator_type</span> <span class=identifier>get_allocator</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>

  <span class=comment>// iterators:</span>

  <span class=identifier>iterator</span>               <span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>const_iterator</span>         <span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>iterator</span>               <span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>const_iterator</span>         <span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>reverse_iterator</span>       <span class=identifier>rbegin</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>const_reverse_iterator</span> <span class=identifier>rbegin</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>reverse_iterator</span>       <span class=identifier>rend</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>const_reverse_iterator</span> <span class=identifier>rend</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>const_iterator</span>         <span class=identifier>cbegin</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>const_iterator</span>         <span class=identifier>cend</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>const_reverse_iterator</span> <span class=identifier>crbegin</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>const_reverse_iterator</span> <span class=identifier>crend</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>

  <span class=identifier>iterator</span>       <span class=identifier>iterator_to</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=identifier>const_iterator</span> <span class=identifier>iterator_to</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>)</span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;</span>

  <span class=comment>// capacity:</span>

  <span class=keyword>bool</span>      <span class=identifier>empty</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>size_type</span> <span class=identifier>size</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>size_type</span> <span class=identifier>max_size</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>size_type</span> <span class=identifier>capacity</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=keyword>void</span>      <span class=identifier>reserve</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>size_type</span> <span class=identifier>m</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=keyword>void</span>      <span class=identifier>shrink_to_fit</span><span class=special>();</span>

  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>resize</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>size_type</span> <span class=identifier>n</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>resize</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>size_type</span> <span class=identifier>n</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>

  <span class=comment>// access:</span>

  <span class=identifier>const_reference</span> <span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>[](</span><span class=identifier>size_type</span> <span class=identifier>n</span><span class=special>)</span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>const_reference</span> <span class=identifier>at</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>size_type</span> <span class=identifier>n</span><span class=special>)</span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>const_reference</span> <span class=identifier>front</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;</span>
  <span class=identifier>const_reference</span> <span class=identifier>back</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;</span>

  <span class=comment>// modifiers:</span>

  <span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>typename</span><span class=special>...</span> <span class=identifier>Args</span><span class=special>&gt;</span>
  <span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>pair</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>bool</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=identifier>emplace_front</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>Args</span><span class=special>&amp;&amp;...</span> <span class=identifier>args</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>pair</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>bool</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=identifier>push_front</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>pair</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>bool</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=identifier>push_front</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=keyword>void</span>                     <span class=identifier>pop_front</span><span class=special>();</span>

  <span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>typename</span><span class=special>...</span> <span class=identifier>Args</span><span class=special>&gt;</span>
  <span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>pair</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>bool</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=identifier>emplace_back</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>Args</span><span class=special>&amp;&amp;...</span> <span class=identifier>args</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>pair</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>bool</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=identifier>push_back</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>pair</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>bool</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=identifier>push_back</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=keyword>void</span>                     <span class=identifier>pop_back</span><span class=special>();</span>

  <span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>typename</span><span class=special>...</span> <span class=identifier>Args</span><span class=special>&gt;</span>
  <span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>pair</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>bool</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=identifier>emplace</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>Args</span><span class=special>&amp;&amp;...</span> <span class=identifier>args</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>pair</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>bool</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=identifier>insert</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>pair</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>bool</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=identifier>insert</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>insert</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>size_type</span> <span class=identifier>m</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>typename</span> <span class=identifier>InputIterator</span><span class=special>&gt;</span>
  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>insert</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>InputIterator</span> <span class=identifier>first</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>InputIterator</span> <span class=identifier>last</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>insert</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>initializer_list</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=identifier>list</span><span class=special>);</span>

  <span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>erase</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>erase</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>first</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>last</span><span class=special>);</span>

  <span class=keyword>bool</span> <span class=identifier>replace</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=keyword>bool</span> <span class=identifier>replace</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>typename</span> <span class=identifier>Modifier</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=keyword>bool</span> <span class=identifier>modify</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>Modifier</span> <span class=identifier>mod</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>typename</span> <span class=identifier>Modifier</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>typename</span> <span class=identifier>Rollback</span><span class=special>&gt;</span>
  <span class=keyword>bool</span> <span class=identifier>modify</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>Modifier</span> <span class=identifier>mod</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>Rollback</span> <span class=identifier>back</span><span class=special>);</span>

  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>swap</span><span class=special>(</span><b>index class name</b><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>

  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>clear</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>

  <span class=comment>// list operations:</span>

  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>splice</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><b>index class name</b><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>splice</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><b>index class name</b><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>i</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>splice</span><span class=special>(</span>
    <span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><b>index class name</b><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>first</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>last</span><span class=special>);</span>

  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>remove</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>value</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>typename</span> <span class=identifier>Predicate</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>remove_if</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>Predicate</span> <span class=identifier>pred</span><span class=special>);</span>

  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>unique</span><span class=special>();</span>
  <span class=keyword>template</span> <span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>class</span> <span class=identifier>BinaryPredicate</span><span class=special>&gt;</span>
  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>unique</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>BinaryPredicate</span> <span class=identifier>binary_pred</span><span class=special>);</span>

  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>merge</span><span class=special>(</span><b>index class name</b><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=keyword>template</span> <span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>typename</span> <span class=identifier>Compare</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>merge</span><span class=special>(</span><b>index class name</b><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>Compare</span> <span class=identifier>comp</span><span class=special>);</span>

  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>sort</span><span class=special>();</span>
  <span class=keyword>template</span> <span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>typename</span> <span class=identifier>Compare</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>sort</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>Compare</span> <span class=identifier>comp</span><span class=special>);</span>

  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>reverse</span><span class=special>()</span><span class=keyword>noexcept</span><span class=special>;</span>

  <span class=comment>// rearrange operations:</span>

  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>relocate</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>i</span><span class=special>);</span> 
  <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>relocate</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>first</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span> <span class=identifier>last</span><span class=special>);</span>
  <span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>typename</span> <span class=identifier>InputIterator</span><span class=special>&gt;</span> <span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>rearrange</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>InputIterator</span> <span class=identifier>first</span><span class=special>);</span>
<span class=special>}</span>

<span class=comment>// index comparison:</span>

<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 1</b><span class=special>,</span><b>arg set 2</b><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=keyword>bool</span> <span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>==(</span>
  <span class=keyword>const</span> <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 1</b><span class=special>&gt;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>,</span>
  <span class=keyword>const</span> <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 2</b><span class=special>&gt;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>)</span>
<span class=special>{</span>
  <span class=keyword>return</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>size</span><span class=special>()==</span><span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>size</span><span class=special>()&amp;&amp;</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>equal</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>(),</span><span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>(),</span><span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>());</span>
<span class=special>}</span>

<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 1</b><span class=special>,</span><b>arg set 2</b><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=keyword>bool</span> <span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>&lt;(</span>
  <span class=keyword>const</span> <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 1</b><span class=special>&gt;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>,</span>
  <span class=keyword>const</span> <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 2</b><span class=special>&gt;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>)</span>
<span class=special>{</span>
  <span class=keyword>return</span> <span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>lexicographical_compare</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>(),</span><span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>(),</span><span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>(),</span><span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>());</span>
<span class=special>}</span>

<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 1</b><span class=special>,</span><b>arg set 2</b><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=keyword>bool</span> <span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>!=(</span>
  <span class=keyword>const</span> <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 1</b><span class=special>&gt;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>,</span>
  <span class=keyword>const</span> <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 2</b><span class=special>&gt;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>)</span>
<span class=special>{</span>
  <span class=keyword>return</span> <span class=special>!(</span><span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>==</span><span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>);</span>
<span class=special>}</span>

<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 1</b><span class=special>,</span><b>arg set 2</b><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=keyword>bool</span> <span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>&gt;(</span>
  <span class=keyword>const</span> <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 1</b><span class=special>&gt;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span>
  <span class=special>,</span><span class=keyword>const</span> <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 2</b><span class=special>&gt;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>)</span>
<span class=special>{</span>
  <span class=keyword>return</span> <span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>;</span>
<span class=special>}</span>

<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 1</b><span class=special>,</span><b>arg set 2</b><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=keyword>bool</span> <span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>&gt;=(</span>
  <span class=keyword>const</span> <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 1</b><span class=special>&gt;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>,</span>
  <span class=keyword>const</span> <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 2</b><span class=special>&gt;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>)</span>
<span class=special>{</span>
  <span class=keyword>return</span> <span class=special>!(</span><span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>);</span>
<span class=special>}</span>

<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 1</b><span class=special>,</span><b>arg set 2</b><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=keyword>bool</span> <span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>&lt;=(</span>
  <span class=keyword>const</span> <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 1</b><span class=special>&gt;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>,</span>
  <span class=keyword>const</span> <b>index class name</b><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>arg set 2</b><span class=special>&gt;&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>)</span>
<span class=special>{</span>
  <span class=keyword>return</span> <span class=special>!(</span><span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>&gt;</span><span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>);</span>
<span class=special>}</span>

<span class=comment>// index specialized algorithms:</span>

<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><b>implementation defined</b><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=keyword>void</span> <span class=identifier>swap</span><span class=special>(</span><b>index class name</b><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>,</span><b>index class name</b><span class=special>&amp;</span> <span class=identifier>y</span><span class=special>);</span>

<span class=special>}</span> <span class=comment>// namespace boost::multi_index::detail</span>

<span class=special>}</span> <span class=comment>// namespace boost::multi_index</span> 

<span class=special>}</span> <span class=comment>// namespace boost</span>
</pre></blockquote>

<h4><a name="complexity_signature">Complexity signature</a></h4>

<p>
Here and in the descriptions of operations of random access indices, we
adopt the scheme outlined in the 
<a href="indices.html#complexity_signature">complexity signature
section</a>. The complexity signature of random access indices is:
<ul>
  <li>copying: <code>c(n)=n*log(n)</code>,</li>
  <li>insertion: <code>i(n)=1</code> (amortized constant),</li>
  <li>hinted insertion: <code>h(n)=1</code> (amortized constant),</li>
  <li>deletion: <code>d(n)=m</code>, where <code>m</code> is the distance
    from the deleted element to the end of the sequence,</li>
  <li>replacement: <code>r(n)=1</code> (constant),</li>
  <li>modifying: <code>m(n)=1</code> (constant).</li>
</ul>
The following expressions are also used as a convenience for writing down some
of the complexity formulas:
</p>

<blockquote>
<code>shl(a,b)</code> = <code>a+b</code> if a is nonzero, <code>0</code> otherwise.<br>
<code>rel(a,b,c)</code> = if <code>a&lt;b</code>, <code>c-a</code>, else <code>a-b</code>,
</blockquote> 

<p>
(<code>shl</code> and <code>rel</code> stand for <i>shift left</i> and
<i>relocate</i>, respectively.)
</p>

<h4><a name="instantiation_types">Instantiation types</a></h4>

<p>Random access indices are instantiated internally to <code>multi_index_container</code>
and specified by means of <a href="indices.html#indexed_by">
<code>indexed_by</code></a> with the <a href="#random_access"><code>random_access</code></a>
index specifier. Instantiations are dependent on the following types:
<ul>
  <li><code>Value</code> from <code>multi_index_container</code>,</li>
  <li><code>Allocator</code> from <code>multi_index_container</code>,</li>
  <li><code>TagList</code> from the index specifier (if provided, otherwise <code>tag&lt;&gt;</code> is assumed).</li>
</ul>
<code>TagList</code> must be an instantiation of
<a href="indices.html#tag"><code>tag</code></a>.
</p>

<h4><a name="constructors">Constructors, copy and assignment</a></h4>

<p>
As explained in the <a href="indices.html#index_concepts">index
concepts section</a>, indices do not have public constructors or destructors.
Assignment, on the other hand, is provided.
</p>

<code><b>index class name</b>&amp; operator=(const <b>index class name</b>&amp; x);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b>
<blockquote><pre>
<span class=identifier>a</span><span class=special>=</span><span class=identifier>b</span><span class=special>;</span>
</pre></blockquote>
where <code>a</code> and <code>b</code> are the <code>multi_index_container</code>
objects to which <code>*this</code> and <code>x</code> belong, respectively.<br>
<b>Returns:</b> <code>*this</code>.<br>
</blockquote>

<code><b>index class name</b>&amp; operator=(std::initializer_list&lt;value_type&gt; list);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b>
<blockquote><pre>
<span class=identifier>a</span><span class=special>=</span><span class=identifier>list</span><span class=special>;</span>
</pre></blockquote>
where <code>a</code> is the <code>multi_index_container</code>
object to which <code>*this</code> belongs.<br>
<b>Returns:</b> <code>*this</code>.<br>
</blockquote>

<code>template &lt;class InputIterator><br>
void assign(InputIterator first,InputIterator last);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b>
<blockquote><pre>
<span class=identifier>clear</span><span class=special>();</span>
<span class=identifier>insert</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>(),</span><span class=identifier>first</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>last</span><span class=special>);</span>
</pre></blockquote>
</blockquote>

<code>void assign(std::initializer_list&lt;value_type&gt; list);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b>
<blockquote><pre>
<span class=identifier>assign</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>list</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>(),</span><span class=identifier>list</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>());</span>
</pre></blockquote>
</blockquote>
    
<code>void assign(size_type n,const value_type&amp; value);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b>
<blockquote><pre>
<span class=identifier>clear</span><span class=special>();</span>
<span class=keyword>for</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>size_type</span> <span class=identifier>i</span><span class=special>=</span><span class=number>0</span><span class=special>;</span><span class=identifier>i</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>n</span><span class=special>;++</span><span class=identifier>n</span><span class=special>)</span><span class=identifier>push_back</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>v</span><span class=special>);</span>
</pre></blockquote>
</blockquote>

<h4><a name="iterators">Iterators</a></h4>

<code>iterator&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;iterator_to(const value_type&amp; x);<br>
const_iterator iterator_to(const value_type&amp; x)const;</code>
  
<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>x</code> is a reference to an element of the container.<br>
<b>Returns:</b> An iterator to <code>x</code>.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> Constant.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> <code>nothrow</code>.<br>
</blockquote>

<h4><a name="capacity">Capacity operations</a></h4>

<a name="capacity_memfun"><code>size_type capacity()const noexcept;</code></a>

<blockquote>
<b>Returns:</b> The total number of elements <code>c</code> such that, when
<code>size()&lt;c</code>, back insertions happen in constant time (the
general case as described by
<a href="#complexity_signature"><code>i(n)</code></a> is <i>amortized</i>
constant time.)<br>
<b>Note:</b> Validity of iterators and references to elements
is preserved in all insertions, regardless of the capacity status.
</blockquote>

<a name="reserve"><code>void reserve(size_type m);</code></a>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b> If the previous value of <code>capacity()</code>
was greater than or equal to <code>m</code>, nothing is done;
otherwise, the internal capacity is changed so that
<code>capacity()>=m</code>.<br> 
<b>Complexity:</b> If the capacity is not changed, constant;
otherwise <code>O(n)</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> If the capacity is not changed, <code>nothrow</code>;
otherwise, strong.<br>
</blockquote>

<code>void shrink_to_fit();</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b> Reduces <code>capacity()</code> to <code>size()</code>.<br> 
<b>Complexity:</b> If the capacity is not changed, constant;
otherwise <code>O(n)</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> If the capacity is not changed, <code>nothrow</code>;
otherwise, strong.<br>
</blockquote>

<code>void resize(size_type n);<br>
void resize(size_type n,const value_type&amp; x);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires (first version):</b> <code>value_type</code> is <code>DefaultInsertable</code>
into <code>multi_index_container</code>.<br>
<b>Requires (second version):</b> <code>value_type</code> is <code>CopyInsertable</code>
into <code>multi_index_container</code>.<br>
<b>Effects:</b> If <code>size()&lt;n</code>, tries to append <code>n-size()</code> default-inserted
elements (first version) or copies of <code>x</code> (second version) at the end of
the index. If <code>n&lt;size()</code>, erases the last <code>size()-n</code> elements.<br>
<b>Note:</b> If an expansion is requested, the size of the index is not guaranteed
to be <code>n</code> after this operation (other indices may ban insertions.)
</blockquote>

<h4><a name="modifiers">Modifiers</a></h4>

<code>template&lt;typename... Args&gt;<br>
std::pair&lt;iterator,bool&gt; emplace_front(Args&amp;&amp;... args);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b>
<blockquote><pre>
<span class=identifier>emplace</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>(),</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>forward</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>Args</span><span class=special>&gt;(</span><span class=identifier>args</span><span class=special>)...);</span>
</pre></blockquote>
<b>Returns:</b> The return value is a pair <code>p</code>. <code>p.second</code>
is <code>true</code> if and only if insertion took place. On successful
insertion, <code>p.first</code> points to the element inserted; otherwise,
<code>p.first</code> points to an element that caused the insertion to be banned.
Note that more than one element can be causing insertion not to be allowed.<br>
</blockquote>

<code>std::pair&lt;iterator,bool> push_front(const value_type&amp; x);</code><br>
<code>std::pair&lt;iterator,bool> push_front(value_type&amp;&amp; x);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b>
<blockquote><pre>
<span class=identifier>insert</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>(),</span><span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>            <span class=comment>// lvalue ref version</span>
<span class=identifier>insert</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>(),</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>move</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>));</span> <span class=comment>// rvalue ref version</span>
</pre></blockquote>
<b>Returns:</b> The return value is a pair <code>p</code>. <code>p.second</code>
is <code>true</code> if and only if insertion took place. On successful
insertion, <code>p.first</code> points to the element inserted; otherwise,
<code>p.first</code> points to an element that caused the insertion to be banned.
Note that more than one element can be causing insertion not to be allowed.<br>
</blockquote>

<code>template&lt;typename... Args&gt;<br>
std::pair&lt;iterator,bool&gt; emplace_back(Args&amp;&amp;... args);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b>
<blockquote><pre>
<span class=identifier>emplace</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>(),</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>forward</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>Args</span><span class=special>&gt;(</span><span class=identifier>args</span><span class=special>)...);</span>
</pre></blockquote>
<b>Returns:</b> The return value is a pair <code>p</code>. <code>p.second</code>
is <code>true</code> if and only if insertion took place. On successful
insertion, <code>p.first</code> points to the element inserted; otherwise,
<code>p.first</code> points to an element that caused the insertion to be banned.
Note that more than one element can be causing insertion not to be allowed.<br>
</blockquote>

<code>std::pair&lt;iterator,bool> push_back(const value_type&amp; x);</code><br>
<code>std::pair&lt;iterator,bool> push_back(value_type&amp;&amp; x);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b>
<blockquote><pre>
<span class=identifier>insert</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>(),</span><span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>            <span class=comment>// lvalue ref version</span>
<span class=identifier>insert</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>(),</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>move</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>));</span> <span class=comment>// rvalue ref version</span>
</pre></blockquote>
<b>Returns:</b> The return value is a pair <code>p</code>. <code>p.second</code>
is <code>true</code> if and only if insertion took place. On successful
insertion, <code>p.first</code> points to the element inserted; otherwise,
<code>p.first</code> points to an element that caused the insertion to be banned.
Note that more than one element can be causing insertion not to be allowed.<br>
</blockquote>

<code>template&lt;typename... Args&gt;<br>
 std::pair&lt;iterator,bool&gt; emplace(iterator position,Args&amp;&amp;... args);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>value_type</code> is <code>EmplaceConstructible</code>
into <code>multi_index_container</code> from <code>args</code>.<br>
<b>Effects:</b> Inserts a <code>value_type</code> object constructed with
<code>std::forward&lt;Args&gt;(args)...</code> before <code>position</code> if insertion
is allowed by all other indices of the <code>multi_index_container</code>.<br>
<b>Returns:</b> The return value is a pair <code>p</code>. <code>p.second</code>
is <code>true</code> if and only if insertion took place. On successful insertion,
<code>p.first</code> points to the element inserted; otherwise, <code>p.first</code>
points to an element that caused the insertion to be banned. Note that more than
one element can be causing insertion not to be allowed.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(I(n))</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> Strong.<br>
</blockquote>

<code>std::pair&lt;iterator,bool> insert(iterator position,const value_type&amp; x);</code><br>
<code>std::pair&lt;iterator,bool> insert(iterator position,value_type&amp;&amp; x);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires (first version):</b> <code>value_type</code> is <code>CopyInsertable</code>
into <code>multi_index_container</code>.
<code>position</code> is a valid iterator of the index.<br>
<b>Requires (second version):</b> <code>value_type</code> is <code>MoveInsertable</code>
into <code>multi_index_container</code>.
<code>position</code> is a valid iterator of the index.<br>
<b>Effects:</b> Inserts <code>x</code> before <code>position</code> if insertion
is allowed by all other indices of the <code>multi_index_container</code>.<br>
<b>Returns:</b> The return value is a pair <code>p</code>. <code>p.second</code>
is <code>true</code> if and only if insertion took place. On successful
insertion, <code>p.first</code> points to the element inserted; otherwise,
<code>p.first</code> points to an element that caused the insertion to be banned.
Note that more than one element can be causing insertion not to be allowed.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(I(n))</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> Strong.
</blockquote>

<code>void insert(iterator position,size_type m,const value_type&amp; x);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>position</code> is a valid iterator of the index.<br>
<b>Effects:</b>
<blockquote><pre>
<span class=keyword>for</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>size_type</span> <span class=identifier>i</span><span class=special>=</span><span class=number>0</span><span class=special>;</span><span class=identifier>i</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>m</span><span class=special>;++</span><span class=identifier>i</span><span class=special>)</span><span class=identifier>insert</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>x</span><span class=special>);</span>
</pre></blockquote>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(shl(end()-position,m) + m*I(n+m))</code>.
</blockquote>

<code>template&lt;typename InputIterator><br>
void insert(iterator position,InputIterator first,InputIterator last);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>position</code> is a valid iterator of the index.
<code>InputIterator</code> is an input iterator.
<code>value_type</code> is
<code>EmplaceConstructible</code> into
<code>multi_index_container</code> from <code>*first</code>.
<code>first</code> and <code>last</code> are not iterators into any
index of the <code>multi_index_container</code> to which this index belongs.
<code>last</code> is reachable from <code>first</code>.<br>
<b>Effects:</b>
For each element of [<code>first</code>, <code>last</code>), in this
order, inserts it before <code>position</code> if insertion is allowed by all
other indices of the <code>multi_index_container</code>.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(shl(end()-position,m) + m*I(n+m))</code>,
where <code>m</code> is the number of elements in
[<code>first</code>,<code>last</code>).<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> Basic.
</blockquote>

<code>void insert(iterator position,std::initializer_list&lt;value_type&gt; list);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b>
<blockquote><pre>
<span class=identifier>insert</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier>position</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>list</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>(),</span><span class=identifier>list</span><span class=special>.</span><span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>());</span>
</pre></blockquote>
</blockquote>
    
<code>iterator erase(iterator position);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>position</code> is a valid dereferenceable iterator
of the index.<br>
<b>Effects:</b> Deletes the element pointed to by <code>position</code>.<br>
<b>Returns:</b> An iterator pointing to the element immediately following
the one that was deleted, or <code>end()</code>
if no such element exists.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(D(n))</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> <code>nothrow</code>.<br>
</blockquote>

<code>iterator erase(iterator first,iterator last);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> [<code>first</code>,<code>last</code>) is a valid
range of the index.<br>
<b>Effects:</b> Deletes the elements in [<code>first</code>,<code>last</code>).<br>
<b>Returns:</b> <code>last</code>.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(m*D(n))</code>, where <code>m</code> is
the number of elements in [<code>first</code>,<code>last</code>).<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> <code>nothrow</code>.<br>
</blockquote>

<a name="replace"><code>bool replace(iterator position,const value_type&amp; x);</code></a><br>
<code>bool replace(iterator position,value_type&amp;&amp; x);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires (first version):</b> <code>value_type</code> is <code>CopyAssignable</code>.
<code>position</code> is a valid dereferenceable iterator of the index.<br>
<b>Requires (second version):</b> <code>value_type</code> is <code>MoveAssignable</code>.
<code>position</code> is a valid dereferenceable iterator of the index.<br>
<b>Effects:</b> Assigns the value <code>x</code> to the element pointed
to by <code>position</code> into the <code>multi_index_container</code> to which
the index belongs if replacing is allowed by all other indices of the
<code>multi_index_container</code>.<br>
<b>Postconditions:</b> Validity of <code>position</code> is preserved
in all cases.<br>
<b>Returns:</b> <code>true</code> if the replacement took place,
<code>false</code> otherwise.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(R(n))</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> Strong. If an exception is thrown by some
user-provided operation the <code>multi_index_container</code> to which the index
belongs remains in its original state.
</blockquote>
  
<a name="modify">
<code>template&lt;typename Modifier> bool modify(iterator position,Modifier mod);</code></a>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>mod</code> is a unary function object
accepting arguments of type
<code>value_type&amp;</code>. <code>position</code> is a valid dereferenceable
iterator of the index.
The execution of <code>mod(e)</code>, where <code>e</code> is the element
pointed to by <code>position</code>, does not invoke any operation of the
<code>multi_index_container</code> after <code>e</code> is directly modified
or, before modification, if the operation would invalidate <code>position</code>.<br>
<b>Effects:</b> Calls <code>mod(e)</code> where <code>e</code> is the element
pointed to by <code>position</code> and rearranges <code>*position</code> into
all the indices of the <code>multi_index_container</code>. Rearrangement on sequenced
indices does not change the position of the element with respect to the index;
rearrangement on other indices may or might not succeed. If the rearrangement
fails, the element is erased.<br>
<b>Postconditions:</b> Validity of <code>position</code> is preserved if the
operation succeeds.<br>
<b>Returns:</b> <code>true</code> if the operation succeeded, <code>false</code>
otherwise.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(M(n))</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> Basic. If an exception is thrown by some
user-provided operation (including <code>mod</code>), then
the element pointed to by <code>position</code> is erased.
</blockquote>

<code>template&lt;typename Modifier,typename Rollback><br>
bool modify(iterator position,Modifier mod,Rollback back);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>mod</code> and <code>back</code> are unary function
objects accepting arguments of type
<code>value_type&amp;</code>. <code>position</code> is a valid dereferenceable
iterator of the index.
The execution of <code>mod(e)</code>, where <code>e</code> is the element
pointed to by <code>position</code>, does not invoke any operation of the
<code>multi_index_container</code> after <code>e</code> is directly modified
or, before modification, if the operation would invalidate <code>position</code>.
<code>back(e)</code> does not invoke any operation of the
<code>multi_index_container</code>.<br>
<b>Effects:</b> Calls <code>mod(e)</code> where <code>e</code> is the element
pointed to by <code>position</code> and tries to rearrange <code>*position</code> into
all the indices of the <code>multi_index_container</code>. Rearrangement on sequenced
indices does not change the position of the element with respect to the index;
rearrangement on other indices may or might not succeed.
If the rearrangement fails, <code>back(e)</code> is invoked: if the resulting value
of <code>e</code> is consistent with its original position and constraints in all
indices, the element is kept, otherwise it is erased.<br>
<b>Postconditions:</b> Validity of <code>position</code> is preserved except if
the element is erased under the conditions described below.<br>
<b>Returns:</b> <code>true</code> if the operation succeeded, <code>false</code>
otherwise.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(M(n))</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> Strong, except if <code>mod</code> or <code>back</code> throw an
exception or <code>back(e)</code> fails to properly restore the element or there is
a throwing user-provided operation after invoking <code>back(e)</code>, in which cases
the modified element is erased. If <code>back</code>
throws inside the handling code executing after some other user-provided
operation has thrown, it is the exception generated by <code>back</code> that
is rethrown.
</blockquote>

<h4><a name="list_operations">List operations</a></h4>

<p>
Random access indices replicate the interface of sequenced indices, which
in turn includes the list operations provided by <code>std::list</code>.
The syntax and behavior of these operations exactly matches those
of sequenced indices, but the associated complexity bounds differ in general.
</p>

<code>void splice(iterator position,<b>index class name</b>&amp; x);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>position</code> is a valid iterator of the index.
<code>&amp;x!=this</code>.<br>
<b>Effects:</b> Inserts the contents of <code>x</code> before <code>position</code>,
in the same order as they were in <code>x</code>. Those elements successfully
inserted are erased from <code>x</code>.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(shl(end()-position,x.size()) + x.size()*I(n+x.size()) + x.size()*D(x.size()))</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> Basic.<br>
</blockquote>

<code>void splice(iterator position,<b>index class name</b>&amp; x,iterator i);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>position</code> is a valid iterator of the index.
<code>i</code> is a valid dereferenceable iterator <code>x</code>.<br>
<b>Effects:</b> Inserts the element pointed to by <code>i</code> before
<code>position</code>: if insertion is successful, the element is erased from
<code>x</code>. In the special case <code>&amp;x==this</code>, no copy or
deletion is performed, and the operation is always successful. If
<code>position==i</code>, no operation is performed.<br>
<b>Postconditions:</b> If <code>&amp;x==this</code>, no iterator or reference
is invalidated.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> If <code>&amp;x==this</code>, <code>O(rel(position,i,i+1))</code>;
otherwise <code>O(shl(end()-position,1) + I(n) + D(n))</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> If <code>&amp;x==this</code>, <code>nothrow</code>;
otherwise, strong.<br>
</blockquote>

<code>void splice(iterator position,<b>index class name&amp;</b> x,iterator first,iterator last);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>position</code> is a valid iterator of the index.
<code>first</code> and <code>last</code> are valid iterators of <code>x</code>.
<code>last</code> is reachable from <code>first</code>. <code>position</code>
is not in the range [<code>first</code>,<code>last</code>).<br>
<b>Effects:</b> For each element in the range [<code>first</code>,<code>last</code>),
insertion is tried before <code>position</code>; if the operation is successful,
the element is erased from <code>x</code>. In the special case
<code>&amp;x==this</code>, no copy or deletion is performed, and insertions are
always successful.<br>
<b>Postconditions:</b> If <code>&amp;x==this</code>, no iterator or reference
is invalidated.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> If <code>&amp;x==this</code>,
<code>O(rel(position,first,last))</code>; otherwise
<code>O(shl(end()-position,m) + m*I(n+m) + m*D(x.size()))</code>
where <code>m</code> is the number of elements in [<code>first</code>,<code>last</code>).<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> If <code>&amp;x==this</code>, <code>nothrow</code>;
otherwise, basic.<br>
</blockquote>

<code>void remove(const value_type&amp; value);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b> Erases all elements of the index which compare equal to
<code>value</code>.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(n + m*D(n))</code>, where <code>m</code>
is the number of elements erased.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> Basic.
</blockquote>
  
<code>template&lt;typename Predicate> void remove_if(Predicate pred);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b> Erases all elements <code>x</code> of the index for which
<code>pred(x)</code> holds.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(n + m*D(n))</code>, where <code>m</code>
is the number of elements erased.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> Basic.
</blockquote>

<code>void unique();</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b> Eliminates all but the first element from every consecutive
group of equal elements referred to by the iterator <code>i</code> in the range
[<code>first+1</code>,<code>last</code>) for which <code>*i==*(i-1)</code>.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(n + m*D(n))</code>, where <code>m</code>
is the number of elements erased.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> Basic.
</blockquote>

<code>template &lt;class BinaryPredicate> void unique(BinaryPredicate binary_pred);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b> Eliminates all but the first element from every consecutive
group of elements referred to by the iterator <code>i</code> in the range
[<code>first+1</code>,<code>last</code>) for which
<code>binary_pred(*i,*(i-1))</code> holds.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(n + m*D(n))</code>, where <code>m</code>
is the number of elements erased.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> Basic.
</blockquote>

<code>void merge(index class name&amp; x);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>std::less&lt;value_type&gt;</code> induces a
strict weak ordering over <code>value_type</code>.
Both the index and <code>x</code> are sorted according to
<code>std::less&lt;value_type&gt;</code>.<br>
<b>Effects:</b> Attempts to insert every element of <code>x</code> into the
corresponding position of the index (according to the order). Elements
successfully inserted are erased from <code>x</code>. The resulting sequence
is stable, i.e. equivalent elements of either container preserve their
relative position. In the special case <code>&amp;x==this</code>, no operation
is performed.<br>
<b>Postconditions:</b> Elements in the index and remaining elements in
<code>x</code> are sorted.
Validity of iterators to the index and of non-erased elements of <code>x</code>
references is preserved.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> If <code>&amp;x==this</code>, constant; otherwise
<code>O(n + x.size()*I(n+x.size()) + x.size()*D(x.size()))</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> If <code>&amp;x==this</code>, <code>nothrow</code>;
otherwise, basic.<br>
</blockquote>
  
<code>template &lt;typename Compare> void merge(index class name&amp; x,Compare comp);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>Compare</code> induces a
strict weak ordering over <code>value_type</code>.
Both the index and <code>x</code> are sorted according to <code>comp</code>.<br>
<b>Effects:</b> Attempts to insert every element of <code>x</code> into the
corresponding position of the index (according to <code>comp</code>).
Elements successfully inserted are erased from <code>x</code>. The resulting
sequence is stable, i.e. equivalent elements of either container preserve
their relative position. In the special case <code>&amp;x==this</code>, no
operation is performed.<br>
<b>Postconditions:</b> Elements in the index and remaining elements in
<code>x</code> are sorted according to <code>comp</code>.
Validity of iterators to the index and of non-erased elements of <code>x</code>
references is preserved.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> If <code>&amp;x==this</code>, constant; otherwise
<code>O(n + x.size()*I(n+x.size()) + x.size()*D(x.size()))</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> If <code>&amp;x==this</code>, <code>nothrow</code>;
otherwise, basic.<br>
</blockquote>

<code>void sort();</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>std::less&lt;value_type&gt;</code> induces a
strict weark ordering over <code>value_type</code>.<br>
<b>Effects:</b> Sorts the index according to
<code>std::less&lt;value_type></code>. The sorting is stable, i.e.
equivalent elements preserve their relative position.<br>
<b>Postconditions:</b> Validity of iterators and references is preserved.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(n*log(n))</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> Basic.
</blockquote>

<code>template &lt;typename Compare> void sort(Compare comp);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>Compare</code> induces a
strict weak ordering over <code>value_type</code>.<br>
<b>Effects:</b> Sorts the index according to <code>comp</code>. The sorting
is stable, i.e. equivalent elements preserve their relative position.<br>
<b>Postconditions:</b> Validity of iterators and references is preserved.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(n*log(n))</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> Basic.
</blockquote>

<code>void reverse()noexcept;</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Effects:</b> Reverses the order of the elements in the index.<br>
<b>Postconditions:</b> Validity of iterators and references is preserved.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(n)</code>.<br>
</blockquote>

<h4><a name="rearrange_operations">Rearrange operations</a></h4>

<p>
These operations, without counterpart in STL sequence containers
(although <code>std::list::splice</code> provides partially overlapping
functionality), perform individual and global repositioning of elements
inside the index.
</p>

<code>void relocate(iterator position,iterator i);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>position</code> is a valid iterator of the index.
<code>i</code> is a valid dereferenceable iterator of the index.<br>
<b>Effects:</b> Inserts the element pointed to by <code>i</code> before
<code>position</code>. If <code>position==i</code>, no operation is
performed.<br>
<b>Postconditions:</b> No iterator or reference is invalidated.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(rel(position,i,i+1))</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> <code>nothrow</code>.<br>
</blockquote>

<code>void relocate(iterator position,iterator first,iterator last);</code>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>position</code> is a valid iterator of the index.
<code>first</code> and <code>last</code> are valid iterators of the index.
<code>last</code> is reachable from <code>first</code>. <code>position</code>
is not in the range [<code>first</code>,<code>last</code>).<br>
<b>Effects:</b> The range of elements [<code>first</code>,<code>last</code>)
is repositioned just before <code>position</code>.<br>
<b>Postconditions:</b> No iterator or reference is invalidated.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(rel(position,first,last))</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> <code>nothrow</code>.<br>
</blockquote>

<a name="rearrange"><code>template&lt;typename InputIterator> void rearrange(InputIterator first);</code></a>

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> The range [<code>first</code>,
<code>std::advance(first,n)</code>),
where <code>n</code> is the size of the index, is a
<a href="indices.html#views">free view</a> of the index.<br>
<b>Effects:</b> The elements are rearranged so as to match the
order of the previously described view.<br>
<b>Postconditions:</b> No iterator or reference is invalidated.<br>
<b>Complexity:</b> <code>O(n)</code>.<br>
<b>Exception safety:</b> Basic.<br>
</blockquote>

<h4><a name="serialization">Serialization</a></h4>

<p>
Indices cannot be serialized on their own, but only as part of the
<code>multi_index_container</code> into which they are embedded. In describing
the additional preconditions and guarantees associated to random access indices
with respect to serialization of their embedding containers, we
use the concepts defined in the <code>multi_index_container</code>
<a href="multi_index_container.html#serialization">serialization section</a>.
</p>

Operation: saving of a <code>multi_index_container</code> <code>m</code> to an
output archive (XML archive) <code>ar</code>.

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> No additional requirements to those imposed by the container.
</blockquote>

Operation: loading of a <code>multi_index_container</code> <code>m'</code> from an
input archive (XML archive) <code>ar</code>.

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> No additional requirements to those imposed by the container.<br>
<b>Postconditions:</b> On successful loading, each of the elements of
[<code>begin()</code>, <code>end()</code>) is a restored copy of the corresponding
element in [<code>m.get&lt;i&gt;().begin()</code>, <code>m.get&lt;i&gt;().end()</code>),
where <code>i</code> is the position of the random access index in the container.
</blockquote>

Operation: saving of an <code>iterator</code> or <code>const_iterator</code>
<code>it</code> to an output archive (XML archive) <code>ar</code>.

<blockquote>
<b>Requires:</b> <code>it</code> is a valid iterator of the index. The associated
<code>multi_index_container</code> has been previously saved.
</blockquote>

Operation: loading of an <code>iterator</code> or <code>const_iterator</code>
<code>it'</code> from an input archive (XML archive) <code>ar</code>.

<blockquote>
<b>Postconditions:</b> On successful loading, if <code>it</code> was dereferenceable
then <code>*it'</code> is the restored copy of <code>*it</code>, otherwise
<code>it'==end()</code>.<br>
<b>Note:</b> It is allowed that <code>it</code> be a <code>const_iterator</code>
and the restored <code>it'</code> an <code>iterator</code>, or viceversa.
</blockquote>

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<p>Revised December 29th 2018</p>

<p>&copy; Copyright 2003-2018 Joaqu&iacute;n M L&oacute;pez Mu&ntilde;oz.
Distributed under the Boost Software 
License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file <a href="../../../../LICENSE_1_0.txt">
LICENSE_1_0.txt</a> or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt">
http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>)
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