fruchterman_reingold.hpp 15 KB

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  1. // Copyright 2004, 2005 The Trustees of Indiana University.
  2. // Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
  3. // (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
  4. // http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
  5. // Authors: Douglas Gregor
  6. // Andrew Lumsdaine
  7. #ifndef BOOST_GRAPH_FRUCHTERMAN_REINGOLD_FORCE_DIRECTED_LAYOUT_HPP
  8. #define BOOST_GRAPH_FRUCHTERMAN_REINGOLD_FORCE_DIRECTED_LAYOUT_HPP
  9. #include <boost/config/no_tr1/cmath.hpp>
  10. #include <boost/graph/graph_traits.hpp>
  11. #include <boost/graph/named_function_params.hpp>
  12. #include <boost/graph/iteration_macros.hpp>
  13. #include <boost/graph/topology.hpp> // For topology concepts
  14. #include <boost/graph/detail/mpi_include.hpp>
  15. #include <vector>
  16. #include <list>
  17. #include <algorithm> // for std::min and std::max
  18. #include <numeric> // for std::accumulate
  19. #include <cmath> // for std::sqrt and std::fabs
  20. #include <functional>
  21. namespace boost {
  22. struct square_distance_attractive_force {
  23. template<typename Graph, typename T>
  24. T
  25. operator()(typename graph_traits<Graph>::edge_descriptor,
  26. T k,
  27. T d,
  28. const Graph&) const
  29. {
  30. return d * d / k;
  31. }
  32. };
  33. struct square_distance_repulsive_force {
  34. template<typename Graph, typename T>
  35. T
  36. operator()(typename graph_traits<Graph>::vertex_descriptor,
  37. typename graph_traits<Graph>::vertex_descriptor,
  38. T k,
  39. T d,
  40. const Graph&) const
  41. {
  42. return k * k / d;
  43. }
  44. };
  45. template<typename T>
  46. struct linear_cooling {
  47. typedef T result_type;
  48. linear_cooling(std::size_t iterations)
  49. : temp(T(iterations) / T(10)), step(0.1) { }
  50. linear_cooling(std::size_t iterations, T temp)
  51. : temp(temp), step(temp / T(iterations)) { }
  52. T operator()()
  53. {
  54. T old_temp = temp;
  55. temp -= step;
  56. if (temp < T(0)) temp = T(0);
  57. return old_temp;
  58. }
  59. private:
  60. T temp;
  61. T step;
  62. };
  63. struct all_force_pairs
  64. {
  65. template<typename Graph, typename ApplyForce >
  66. void operator()(const Graph& g, ApplyForce apply_force)
  67. {
  68. typedef typename graph_traits<Graph>::vertex_iterator vertex_iterator;
  69. vertex_iterator v, end;
  70. for (boost::tie(v, end) = vertices(g); v != end; ++v) {
  71. vertex_iterator u = v;
  72. for (++u; u != end; ++u) {
  73. apply_force(*u, *v);
  74. apply_force(*v, *u);
  75. }
  76. }
  77. }
  78. };
  79. template<typename Topology, typename PositionMap>
  80. struct grid_force_pairs
  81. {
  82. typedef typename property_traits<PositionMap>::value_type Point;
  83. BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT (Point::dimensions == 2);
  84. typedef typename Topology::point_difference_type point_difference_type;
  85. template<typename Graph>
  86. explicit
  87. grid_force_pairs(const Topology& topology,
  88. PositionMap position, const Graph& g)
  89. : topology(topology), position(position)
  90. {
  91. two_k = 2. * this->topology.volume(this->topology.extent()) / std::sqrt((double)num_vertices(g));
  92. }
  93. template<typename Graph, typename ApplyForce >
  94. void operator()(const Graph& g, ApplyForce apply_force)
  95. {
  96. typedef typename graph_traits<Graph>::vertex_iterator vertex_iterator;
  97. typedef typename graph_traits<Graph>::vertex_descriptor vertex_descriptor;
  98. typedef std::list<vertex_descriptor> bucket_t;
  99. typedef std::vector<bucket_t> buckets_t;
  100. std::size_t columns = std::size_t(topology.extent()[0] / two_k + 1.);
  101. std::size_t rows = std::size_t(topology.extent()[1] / two_k + 1.);
  102. buckets_t buckets(rows * columns);
  103. vertex_iterator v, v_end;
  104. for (boost::tie(v, v_end) = vertices(g); v != v_end; ++v) {
  105. std::size_t column =
  106. std::size_t((get(position, *v)[0] + topology.extent()[0] / 2) / two_k);
  107. std::size_t row =
  108. std::size_t((get(position, *v)[1] + topology.extent()[1] / 2) / two_k);
  109. if (column >= columns) column = columns - 1;
  110. if (row >= rows) row = rows - 1;
  111. buckets[row * columns + column].push_back(*v);
  112. }
  113. for (std::size_t row = 0; row < rows; ++row)
  114. for (std::size_t column = 0; column < columns; ++column) {
  115. bucket_t& bucket = buckets[row * columns + column];
  116. typedef typename bucket_t::iterator bucket_iterator;
  117. for (bucket_iterator u = bucket.begin(); u != bucket.end(); ++u) {
  118. // Repulse vertices in this bucket
  119. bucket_iterator v = u;
  120. for (++v; v != bucket.end(); ++v) {
  121. apply_force(*u, *v);
  122. apply_force(*v, *u);
  123. }
  124. std::size_t adj_start_row = row == 0? 0 : row - 1;
  125. std::size_t adj_end_row = row == rows - 1? row : row + 1;
  126. std::size_t adj_start_column = column == 0? 0 : column - 1;
  127. std::size_t adj_end_column = column == columns - 1? column : column + 1;
  128. for (std::size_t other_row = adj_start_row; other_row <= adj_end_row;
  129. ++other_row)
  130. for (std::size_t other_column = adj_start_column;
  131. other_column <= adj_end_column; ++other_column)
  132. if (other_row != row || other_column != column) {
  133. // Repulse vertices in this bucket
  134. bucket_t& other_bucket
  135. = buckets[other_row * columns + other_column];
  136. for (v = other_bucket.begin(); v != other_bucket.end(); ++v) {
  137. double dist =
  138. topology.distance(get(position, *u), get(position, *v));
  139. if (dist < two_k) apply_force(*u, *v);
  140. }
  141. }
  142. }
  143. }
  144. }
  145. private:
  146. const Topology& topology;
  147. PositionMap position;
  148. double two_k;
  149. };
  150. template<typename PositionMap, typename Topology, typename Graph>
  151. inline grid_force_pairs<Topology, PositionMap>
  152. make_grid_force_pairs
  153. (const Topology& topology,
  154. const PositionMap& position, const Graph& g)
  155. { return grid_force_pairs<Topology, PositionMap>(topology, position, g); }
  156. template<typename Graph, typename PositionMap, typename Topology>
  157. void
  158. scale_graph(const Graph& g, PositionMap position, const Topology& topology,
  159. typename Topology::point_type upper_left, typename Topology::point_type lower_right)
  160. {
  161. if (num_vertices(g) == 0) return;
  162. typedef typename Topology::point_type Point;
  163. typedef typename Topology::point_difference_type point_difference_type;
  164. // Find min/max ranges
  165. Point min_point = get(position, *vertices(g).first), max_point = min_point;
  166. BGL_FORALL_VERTICES_T(v, g, Graph) {
  167. min_point = topology.pointwise_min(min_point, get(position, v));
  168. max_point = topology.pointwise_max(max_point, get(position, v));
  169. }
  170. Point old_origin = topology.move_position_toward(min_point, 0.5, max_point);
  171. Point new_origin = topology.move_position_toward(upper_left, 0.5, lower_right);
  172. point_difference_type old_size = topology.difference(max_point, min_point);
  173. point_difference_type new_size = topology.difference(lower_right, upper_left);
  174. // Scale to bounding box provided
  175. BGL_FORALL_VERTICES_T(v, g, Graph) {
  176. point_difference_type relative_loc = topology.difference(get(position, v), old_origin);
  177. relative_loc = (relative_loc / old_size) * new_size;
  178. put(position, v, topology.adjust(new_origin, relative_loc));
  179. }
  180. }
  181. namespace detail {
  182. template<typename Topology, typename PropMap, typename Vertex>
  183. void
  184. maybe_jitter_point(const Topology& topology,
  185. const PropMap& pm, Vertex v,
  186. const typename Topology::point_type& p2)
  187. {
  188. double too_close = topology.norm(topology.extent()) / 10000.;
  189. if (topology.distance(get(pm, v), p2) < too_close) {
  190. put(pm, v,
  191. topology.move_position_toward(get(pm, v), 1./200,
  192. topology.random_point()));
  193. }
  194. }
  195. template<typename Topology, typename PositionMap, typename DisplacementMap,
  196. typename RepulsiveForce, typename Graph>
  197. struct fr_apply_force
  198. {
  199. typedef typename graph_traits<Graph>::vertex_descriptor vertex_descriptor;
  200. typedef typename Topology::point_type Point;
  201. typedef typename Topology::point_difference_type PointDiff;
  202. fr_apply_force(const Topology& topology,
  203. const PositionMap& position,
  204. const DisplacementMap& displacement,
  205. RepulsiveForce repulsive_force, double k, const Graph& g)
  206. : topology(topology), position(position), displacement(displacement),
  207. repulsive_force(repulsive_force), k(k), g(g)
  208. { }
  209. void operator()(vertex_descriptor u, vertex_descriptor v)
  210. {
  211. if (u != v) {
  212. // When the vertices land on top of each other, move the
  213. // first vertex away from the boundaries.
  214. maybe_jitter_point(topology, position, u, get(position, v));
  215. double dist = topology.distance(get(position, u), get(position, v));
  216. typename Topology::point_difference_type dispv = get(displacement, v);
  217. if (dist == 0.) {
  218. for (std::size_t i = 0; i < Point::dimensions; ++i) {
  219. dispv[i] += 0.01;
  220. }
  221. } else {
  222. double fr = repulsive_force(u, v, k, dist, g);
  223. dispv += (fr / dist) *
  224. topology.difference(get(position, v), get(position, u));
  225. }
  226. put(displacement, v, dispv);
  227. }
  228. }
  229. private:
  230. const Topology& topology;
  231. PositionMap position;
  232. DisplacementMap displacement;
  233. RepulsiveForce repulsive_force;
  234. double k;
  235. const Graph& g;
  236. };
  237. } // end namespace detail
  238. template<typename Topology, typename Graph, typename PositionMap,
  239. typename AttractiveForce, typename RepulsiveForce,
  240. typename ForcePairs, typename Cooling, typename DisplacementMap>
  241. void
  242. fruchterman_reingold_force_directed_layout
  243. (const Graph& g,
  244. PositionMap position,
  245. const Topology& topology,
  246. AttractiveForce attractive_force,
  247. RepulsiveForce repulsive_force,
  248. ForcePairs force_pairs,
  249. Cooling cool,
  250. DisplacementMap displacement)
  251. {
  252. typedef typename graph_traits<Graph>::vertex_iterator vertex_iterator;
  253. typedef typename graph_traits<Graph>::vertex_descriptor vertex_descriptor;
  254. typedef typename graph_traits<Graph>::edge_iterator edge_iterator;
  255. double volume = topology.volume(topology.extent());
  256. // assume positions are initialized randomly
  257. double k = pow(volume / num_vertices(g), 1. / (double)(Topology::point_difference_type::dimensions));
  258. detail::fr_apply_force<Topology, PositionMap, DisplacementMap,
  259. RepulsiveForce, Graph>
  260. apply_force(topology, position, displacement, repulsive_force, k, g);
  261. do {
  262. // Calculate repulsive forces
  263. vertex_iterator v, v_end;
  264. for (boost::tie(v, v_end) = vertices(g); v != v_end; ++v)
  265. put(displacement, *v, typename Topology::point_difference_type());
  266. force_pairs(g, apply_force);
  267. // Calculate attractive forces
  268. edge_iterator e, e_end;
  269. for (boost::tie(e, e_end) = edges(g); e != e_end; ++e) {
  270. vertex_descriptor v = source(*e, g);
  271. vertex_descriptor u = target(*e, g);
  272. // When the vertices land on top of each other, move the
  273. // first vertex away from the boundaries.
  274. ::boost::detail::maybe_jitter_point(topology, position, u, get(position, v));
  275. typename Topology::point_difference_type delta =
  276. topology.difference(get(position, v), get(position, u));
  277. double dist = topology.distance(get(position, u), get(position, v));
  278. double fa = attractive_force(*e, k, dist, g);
  279. put(displacement, v, get(displacement, v) - (fa / dist) * delta);
  280. put(displacement, u, get(displacement, u) + (fa / dist) * delta);
  281. }
  282. if (double temp = cool()) {
  283. // Update positions
  284. BGL_FORALL_VERTICES_T (v, g, Graph) {
  285. BOOST_USING_STD_MIN();
  286. BOOST_USING_STD_MAX();
  287. double disp_size = topology.norm(get(displacement, v));
  288. put(position, v, topology.adjust(get(position, v), get(displacement, v) * (min BOOST_PREVENT_MACRO_SUBSTITUTION (disp_size, temp) / disp_size)));
  289. put(position, v, topology.bound(get(position, v)));
  290. }
  291. } else {
  292. break;
  293. }
  294. } while (true);
  295. }
  296. namespace detail {
  297. template<typename DisplacementMap>
  298. struct fr_force_directed_layout
  299. {
  300. template<typename Topology, typename Graph, typename PositionMap,
  301. typename AttractiveForce, typename RepulsiveForce,
  302. typename ForcePairs, typename Cooling,
  303. typename Param, typename Tag, typename Rest>
  304. static void
  305. run(const Graph& g,
  306. PositionMap position,
  307. const Topology& topology,
  308. AttractiveForce attractive_force,
  309. RepulsiveForce repulsive_force,
  310. ForcePairs force_pairs,
  311. Cooling cool,
  312. DisplacementMap displacement,
  313. const bgl_named_params<Param, Tag, Rest>&)
  314. {
  315. fruchterman_reingold_force_directed_layout
  316. (g, position, topology, attractive_force, repulsive_force,
  317. force_pairs, cool, displacement);
  318. }
  319. };
  320. template<>
  321. struct fr_force_directed_layout<param_not_found>
  322. {
  323. template<typename Topology, typename Graph, typename PositionMap,
  324. typename AttractiveForce, typename RepulsiveForce,
  325. typename ForcePairs, typename Cooling,
  326. typename Param, typename Tag, typename Rest>
  327. static void
  328. run(const Graph& g,
  329. PositionMap position,
  330. const Topology& topology,
  331. AttractiveForce attractive_force,
  332. RepulsiveForce repulsive_force,
  333. ForcePairs force_pairs,
  334. Cooling cool,
  335. param_not_found,
  336. const bgl_named_params<Param, Tag, Rest>& params)
  337. {
  338. typedef typename Topology::point_difference_type PointDiff;
  339. std::vector<PointDiff> displacements(num_vertices(g));
  340. fruchterman_reingold_force_directed_layout
  341. (g, position, topology, attractive_force, repulsive_force,
  342. force_pairs, cool,
  343. make_iterator_property_map
  344. (displacements.begin(),
  345. choose_const_pmap(get_param(params, vertex_index), g,
  346. vertex_index),
  347. PointDiff()));
  348. }
  349. };
  350. } // end namespace detail
  351. template<typename Topology, typename Graph, typename PositionMap, typename Param,
  352. typename Tag, typename Rest>
  353. void
  354. fruchterman_reingold_force_directed_layout
  355. (const Graph& g,
  356. PositionMap position,
  357. const Topology& topology,
  358. const bgl_named_params<Param, Tag, Rest>& params)
  359. {
  360. typedef typename get_param_type<vertex_displacement_t, bgl_named_params<Param,Tag,Rest> >::type D;
  361. detail::fr_force_directed_layout<D>::run
  362. (g, position, topology,
  363. choose_param(get_param(params, attractive_force_t()),
  364. square_distance_attractive_force()),
  365. choose_param(get_param(params, repulsive_force_t()),
  366. square_distance_repulsive_force()),
  367. choose_param(get_param(params, force_pairs_t()),
  368. make_grid_force_pairs(topology, position, g)),
  369. choose_param(get_param(params, cooling_t()),
  370. linear_cooling<double>(100)),
  371. get_param(params, vertex_displacement_t()),
  372. params);
  373. }
  374. template<typename Topology, typename Graph, typename PositionMap>
  375. void
  376. fruchterman_reingold_force_directed_layout
  377. (const Graph& g,
  378. PositionMap position,
  379. const Topology& topology)
  380. {
  381. fruchterman_reingold_force_directed_layout
  382. (g, position, topology,
  383. attractive_force(square_distance_attractive_force()));
  384. }
  385. } // end namespace boost
  386. #include BOOST_GRAPH_MPI_INCLUDE(<boost/graph/distributed/fruchterman_reingold.hpp>)
  387. #endif // BOOST_GRAPH_FRUCHTERMAN_REINGOLD_FORCE_DIRECTED_LAYOUT_HPP