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<a name="boost_multiprecision.ref.cpp_int_ref"></a><a class="link" href="cpp_int_ref.html" title="cpp_int">cpp_int</a>
</h3></div></div></div>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">multiprecision</span><span class="special">{</span>

<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">unspecified</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">type</span> <span class="identifier">limb_type</span><span class="special">;</span>

<span class="keyword">enum</span> <span class="identifier">cpp_integer_type</span>    <span class="special">{</span> <span class="identifier">signed_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unsigned_magnitude</span> <span class="special">};</span>
<span class="keyword">enum</span> <span class="identifier">cpp_int_check_type</span>  <span class="special">{</span> <span class="identifier">checked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unchecked</span> <span class="special">};</span>

<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="identifier">MinDigits</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span>
          <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="identifier">MaxDits</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span>
          <span class="identifier">cpp_integer_type</span> <span class="identifier">SignType</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">signed_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span>
          <span class="identifier">cpp_int_check_type</span> <span class="identifier">Checked</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">unchecked</span><span class="special">,</span>
          <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">Allocator</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">allocator</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">limb_type</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>
<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="comment">//</span>
<span class="comment">// Expression templates default to et_off if there is no allocator:</span>
<span class="comment">//</span>
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="identifier">MinDigits</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="identifier">MaxDigits</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">cpp_integer_type</span> <span class="identifier">SignType</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">cpp_int_check_type</span> <span class="identifier">Checked</span><span class="special">&gt;</span>
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">expression_template_default</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">MinDigits</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">MaxDigits</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">SignType</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Checked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>
<span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">expression_template_option</span> <span class="identifier">value</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">et_off</span><span class="special">;</span> <span class="special">};</span>

<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>              <span class="identifier">cpp_int</span><span class="special">;</span>    <span class="comment">// arbitrary precision integer</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">rational_adaptor</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>    <span class="identifier">cpp_rational_backend</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_rational_backend</span><span class="special">&gt;</span>            <span class="identifier">cpp_rational</span><span class="special">;</span> <span class="comment">// arbitrary precision rational number</span>

<span class="comment">// Fixed precision unsigned types:</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">128</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">128</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unsigned_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unchecked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>   <span class="identifier">uint128_t</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">256</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">256</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unsigned_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unchecked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>   <span class="identifier">uint256_t</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">512</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">512</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unsigned_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unchecked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>   <span class="identifier">uint512_t</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">1024</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">1024</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unsigned_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unchecked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="identifier">uint1024_t</span><span class="special">;</span>

<span class="comment">// Fixed precision signed types:</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">128</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">128</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">signed_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unchecked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>     <span class="identifier">int128_t</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">256</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">256</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">signed_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unchecked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>     <span class="identifier">int256_t</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">512</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">512</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">signed_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unchecked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>     <span class="identifier">int512_t</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">1024</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">1024</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">signed_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unchecked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>   <span class="identifier">int1024_t</span><span class="special">;</span>

<span class="comment">// Over again, but with checking enabled this time:</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">signed_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">checked</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>                 <span class="identifier">checked_cpp_int</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">rational_adaptor</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">signed_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">checked</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>       <span class="identifier">checked_cpp_rational_backend</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">checked_cpp_rational_backend</span><span class="special">&gt;</span>                                      <span class="identifier">checked_cpp_rational</span><span class="special">;</span>

<span class="comment">// Checked fixed precision unsigned types:</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">128</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">128</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unsigned_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">checked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>     <span class="identifier">checked_uint128_t</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">256</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">256</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unsigned_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">checked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>     <span class="identifier">checked_uint256_t</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">512</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">512</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unsigned_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">checked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>     <span class="identifier">checked_uint512_t</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">1024</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">1024</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">unsigned_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">checked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>   <span class="identifier">checked_uint1024_t</span><span class="special">;</span>

<span class="comment">// Fixed precision signed types:</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">128</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">128</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">signed_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">checked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>       <span class="identifier">checked_int128_t</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">256</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">256</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">signed_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">checked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>       <span class="identifier">checked_int256_t</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">512</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">512</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">signed_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">checked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>       <span class="identifier">checked_int512_t</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">number</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="number">1024</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">1024</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">signed_magnitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">checked</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span>     <span class="identifier">checked_int1024_t</span><span class="special">;</span>

<span class="special">}}</span> <span class="comment">// namespaces</span>
</pre>
<p>
        Class template <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">cpp_int_backend</span></code>
        fulfils all of the requirements for a <a class="link" href="backendconc.html" title="Backend Requirements">Backend</a>
        type. Its members and non-member functions are deliberately not documented:
        these are considered implementation details that are subject to change.
      </p>
<p>
        The template arguments are:
      </p>
<div class="variablelist">
<p class="title"><b></b></p>
<dl class="variablelist">
<dt><span class="term">MinBits</span></dt>
<dd><p>
              Determines the number of Bits to store directly within the object before
              resorting to dynamic memory allocation. When zero, this field is determined
              automatically based on how many bits can be stored in union with the
              dynamic storage header: setting a larger value may improve performance
              as larger integer values will be stored internally before memory allocation
              is required.
            </p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">MaxBits</span></dt>
<dd><p>
              Determines the maximum number of bits to be stored in the type: resulting
              in a fixed precision type. When this value is the same as MinBits,
              then the Allocator parameter is ignored, as no dynamic memory allocation
              will ever be performed: in this situation the Allocator parameter should
              be set to type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">void</span></code>. Note
              that this parameter should not be used simply to prevent large memory
              allocations, not only is that role better performed by the allocator,
              but fixed precision integers have a tendency to allocate all of MaxBits
              of storage more often than one would expect.
            </p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">SignType</span></dt>
<dd><p>
              Determines whether the resulting type is signed or not. Note that for
              <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbitrary-precision_arithmetic" target="_top">arbitrary
              precision</a> types this parameter must be <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">signed_magnitude</span></code>.
              For fixed precision types then this type may be either <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">signed_magnitude</span></code> or <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">unsigned_magnitude</span></code>.
            </p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">Checked</span></dt>
<dd><p>
              This parameter has two values: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">checked</span></code>
              or <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">unchecked</span></code>. See the
              <a class="link" href="../tut/ints/cpp_int.html" title="cpp_int">tutorial</a>
              for more information.
            </p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">Allocator</span></dt>
<dd><p>
              The allocator to use for dynamic memory allocation, or type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">void</span></code> if MaxBits == MinBits.
            </p></dd>
</dl>
</div>
<p>
        The type of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">number_category</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">cpp_int</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">Args</span><span class="special">...&gt;</span> <span class="special">&gt;::</span><span class="identifier">type</span></code> is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">int_</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">number_kind_integer</span><span class="special">&gt;</span></code>.
      </p>
<p>
        More information on this type can be found in the <a class="link" href="../tut/ints/cpp_int.html" title="cpp_int">tutorial</a>.
      </p>
</div>
<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
<td align="left"></td>
<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright &#169; 2002-2019 John Maddock
      and Christopher Kormanyos<p>
        Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
        file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>)
      </p>
</div></td>
</tr></table>
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